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Clays and Clay Minerals; June 2002; v. 50; no. 3; p. 299-305
© 2002 Clay Minerals Society
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HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF Zn-SMECTITES

Shoji Higashi1, Kazuhiko Miki2 and Sridhar Komarneni2,*

1 Department of Natural Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
2 Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-4801, USA

* E-mail address of corresponding author: komarneni{at}psu.edu

Two varieties of Zn-smectite were synthesized hydrothermally: sauconite, with an ideal composition of Na0.4Zn3(Si3.6Al0.4)O10(OH)2·nH2O; and a Zn equivalent of hectorite, with an ideal composition of Na0.4(Li0.4Zn2.6)Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O (referred to here as Zn-hectorite). For comparison, hydrothermal synthesis of the related trioctahedral smectites of hectorite, Na0.4(Li0.4Mg2.6)Si4Ol0(OH)2·nH2O and hectorites containing Cu, Co or Ni in the octahedral sheets instead of Mg were also attempted. The results showed that sauconite, Zn-hectorite and hectorite could be synthesized in the temperature range 100–125°C but hectorites containing Cu, Co or Ni in the octahedral sheet, under the same conditions or even at a temperature of 150°C, could not.

Key Words: Hectorite • Hydrothermal Synthesis • Sauconite • Smectite • Synthetic Clays




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