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Clays and Clay Minerals; December 2002; v. 50; no. 6; p. 766-770
© 2002 Clay Minerals Society
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CHEMICAL DISAGGREGATION OF KAOLINITIC CLAYSTONES (TONSTEINS AND FLINT CLAYS)

Don M. Triplehorn1, Bruce F. Bohor2 and William J. Betterton2,*

1 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA
2 US Geological Survey, MS 939, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225, USA

* E-mail address of corresponding author: wbettert{at}usgs.gov

The coarse, non-clay fraction of many flint-like kaolinitic claystones often contains mineral grains diagnostic of the claystone’s origin and, in the case of tonsteins (altered volcanic ashes), may also provide minerals suitable for radiometric dating. Separation of the non-clay mineral fraction is often difficult because flint clays and flint-like clays resist slaking in water and thus are difficult to disaggregate. Chemical disaggregation of resistant kaolinitic claystones may be achieved by immersion in either hydrazine monohydrate or DMSO for periods ranging from one day to several weeks. Generally, hydrazine monohydrate works more quickly and efficiently than DMSO to disaggregate most kaolinitic claystones and flint clays.

Key Words: Disaggregation • DMSO • Flint Clay • Hydrazine Monohydrate • Kaolinitic Claystone • Tonstein




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