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Clays and Clay Minerals; August 2008; v. 56; no. 4; p. 470-485; DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2008.0560408
© 2008 Clay Minerals Society
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LOW-TEMPERATURE FTIR STUDY OF KAOLIN-GROUP MINERALS

Cliff T. Johnston1,*, Jessica Elzea Kogel2, David L. Bish3, Toshihiro Kogure4 and Haydn H. Murray3

1 Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
2 IMERYS, Sandersville, GA 31082, USA
3 Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
4 Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan

* E-mail address of corresponding author: clays{at}purdue.edu

Low-temperature FTIR spectroscopy was used to characterize the {nu}(OH) region of kaolin-group minerals including well ordered to poorly ordered kaolins from Georgia, Brazil, and England, along with samples of discrete dickite and nacrite. Low-temperature FTIR spectra were useful in resolving dickite- and nacrite-like features present in the spectra of kaolins when cooled to <30 K. These features were not resolved at room temperature and only partially resolved at liquid N2 temperature (77 K). The room-temperature and low-temperature positions of the {nu}(OH) bands of kaolinite, dickite, and nacrite were linearly correlated with the interatomic OH···O distances and this relationship served as the basis for polytype/disorder identification. Dickite or dickite-like disorder was found in high Hinckley-Index kaolinite from Keokuk, Iowa, and from Cornwall, England. Dickite- and nacrite-like features were observed in both high- and low-Hinckley-index kaolinite and the amounts of these stacking sequences generally increased with decreasing Hinckley Index.

Key Words: Dickite • FTIR Spectroscopy • Hinckley Index • Kaolin-group Minerals • Kaolinite • Low-temperature FTIR Spectroscopy • Nacrite • Structural Disorder






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